Bird profile

Greater Flamingo

Phoenicopterus roseus

The greater flamingo is the largest flamingo species and inhabits shallow saline or alkaline wetlands. Its pale plumage gains pink tones from pigments obtained through food.

Greater Flamingo in its natural environment
Photo: Giles Laurent. CC BY-SA 4.0.
HabitatSaline lagoons, shallow lakes, estuaries, and mudflats
DietFilter feeder
RangeAfrica, southern Europe, the Middle East, and South Asia
Signature traitfilter-feeding wader

Adaptations

Long legs allow feeding in deeper shallows, webbed feet stir sediment, and the bent bill contains filtering structures. Salt glands help manage the high salt loads associated with many feeding habitats.

Behavior and daily life

Greater flamingos are highly social and can form large feeding and breeding groups. Courtship involves synchronized displays, while nesting colonies build low mud mounds in open shallow-water settings.

Conservation

Current profile labelLeast Concern

Wetland drainage, water extraction, disturbance, pollution, altered salinity, and changes in food supply can disrupt key sites. Large population size does not make every breeding colony secure.

A flamingo feeds with its head inverted, using comb-like structures in the bill to strain food from water and mud.

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